Computation of Income Under the Head "Salaries" | IT Circular 1/2019

Following income shall be chargeable to income-tax under the head "Salaries", deductions under Chapter VI-A, pension funds (Section 80CCC):

Computation of Income Under the Head "Salaries" | IT Circular 1/2019

computation-of-income-under-tthe-head-it-circular-2019

COMPUTATION OF INCOME UNDER THE HEAD "SALARIES"

5.1 INCOME CHARGEABLE UNDER THE HEAD "SALARIES":

(1) The following income shall be chargeable to income-tax under the head "Salaries" :
  • (a) any salary due from an employer or a former employer to an assessee in the previous year, whether paid or not;
  • (b) any salary paid or allowed to him in the previous year by or on behalf of an employer or a former employer though not due or before it became due to him.
  • (c) any arrears of salary paid or allowed to him in the previous year by or on behalf of an employer or a former employer, if not charged to income-tax for any earlier previous year.
(2) For the removal of doubts, it is clarified that where any salary paid in advance is included in the total income of any person for any previous year it shall not be included again in the total income of the person when the salary becomes due. 
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Any salary, bonus, commission or remuneration, by whatever name called, due to, or received by, a partner of a firm from the firm shall not be regarded as "Salary".

5.2 DEFINITION OF “SALARY”, “PERQUISITE” AND “PROFIT IN LIEU OF SALARY” (SECTION 17):

5.2.1 "Salary" includes: -

i. wages, fees, commissions, perquisites, profits in lieu of, or, in addition to salary, advance of salary, annuity or pension, gratuity, payments in respect of encashment of leave etc.

ii. the portion of the annual accretion to the balance at the credit of the employee participating in a recognized provident fund as consists of {Rule 6 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule of the Act}:
  • a) contributions made by the employer to the account of the employee in a recognized provident fund in excess of 12% of the salary of the employee, and 
  • b) interest credited on the balance to the credit of the employee in so far as it is allowed at a rate exceeding such rate as may be fixed by Central Government. [w.e.f. 01-09-2010 rate is fixed at 9.5% -Notification No SO 1046(E) dated 13-05-2011] 
iii. the contribution made by the Central Government or any other employer to the account of the employee under the New Pension Scheme as notified vide Notification F.N. 5/7/2003-ECB&PR dated 22.12.2003(enclosed as Annexure VII) referred to in section 80CCD (para 5.5.3of this Circular).

It may be noted that, since salary includes pension, tax at source would have to be deducted from pension also, unless otherwise so required. However, no tax is required to be deducted from the commuted portion of pension to the extent exempt under section 10 (10A).

Family Pension is chargeable to tax under head "Income from other sources" and not under the head-Salaries. Therefore, provisions of section 192 of the Act are not applicable. Hence, DDOs are not required to deduct TDS on family pension paid to person.
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5.2.2 Perquisite includes:

I. The value of rent free accommodation provided to the employee by his employer;

II. The value of any concession in the matter of rent in respect of any accommodation provided to the employee by his employer;

III. The value of any benefit or amenity granted or provided free of cost or at concessional rate in any of the following cases:
  • i) By a company to an employee who is a director of such company;
  • ii) By a company to an employee who has a substantial interest in the company;
  • iii) By an employer (including a company)to an employee, who is not covered by (i) or (ii) above and whose income under the head "Salaries" (whether due from or paid or allowed by one or more employers), exclusive of the value of all benefits and amenities not provided by way of monetary payment, exceeds Rs.50,000/-.
[ What constitutes concession in the matter of rent have been prescribed in Explanations 1 to 4 below section 17(2)(ii) of the Act]

IV. Any sum paid by the employer in respect of any obligation which would otherwise have been payable by the assessee.

V. Any sum payable by the employer, whether directly or through a fund, other than a recognized provident fund or an approved superannuation fund or other specified funds u/s 17, to effect an assurance on the life of an assessee or to effect a contract for an annuity.

VI. The value of any specified security or sweat equity shares allotted or transferred, directly or indirectly, by the employer, or former employer, free of cost or at concessional rate to the 
employee and for this purpose.
  • (a) "specified security" means the securities as defined in section 2(h) of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 and, where employees‘ stock option has been granted under any plan or scheme therefore, includes the securities offered under such plan or scheme;
  • (b) "sweat equity shares" means equity shares issued by a company to its employees or directors at a discount or for consideration other than cash for providing know-how or making available rights in the nature of intellectual property rights or value additions, by whatever name called;
  • (c) the value of any specified security or sweat equity shares shall be the fair market value of the specified security or sweat equity shares, as the case may be, on the date on which the option is exercised by the assessee as reduced by the amount actually paid by, or recovered from the assessee in respect of such security or shares;
  • (d) "fair market value" means the value determined in accordance with the method as may be prescribed (refer Rule 3(9) of the IT Rules);
  • (e) "option" means a right but not an obligation granted to an employee to apply for the specified security or sweat equity shares at a predetermined price;
VII. The amount of any contribution to an approved superannuation fund by the employer in respect of the assessee, to the extent it exceeds one lakh and fifty thousand rupees (w.e.f. 01.04.2017); and

VIII The value of any other fringe benefit or amenity as prescribed in Rule 3.

5.2.2A Rules for valuation of such benefit or amenity as given in Rule 3 are as under : -

5.2.3 'Profits in lieu of salary' shall include

I. the amount of any compensation due to or received by an assessee from his employer or former employer at or in connection with the termination of his employment or the modification of the terms and conditions relating thereto;

II. any payment (other than any payment referred to in clauses (10), (10A),(10B), (11), (12)(13) or (13A) of section 10 due to or received by an assessee from an employer or a former employer or from a provident or other fund, to the extent to which it does not consist of contributions by the assessee or interest on such contributions or any sum received under a Keyman insurance policy including the sum allocated by way of bonus on such policy. "Keyman insurance policy" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in section 10(10D);

III. any amount due to or received, whether in lump sum or otherwise, by any assessee from any person-
  • (A) before his joining any employment with that person; or
  • (B) after cessation of his employment with that person
5.3 INCOMES NOT INCLUDED UNDER THE HEAD "SALARIES" (EXEMPTIONS)

5.4 DEDUCTIONS U/S 16 OF THE ACT FROM THE INCOME FROM SALARIES
5.5 DEDUCTIONS UNDER CHAPTER VI-A OF THE ACT

In computing the taxable income of the employee, the following deductions under Chapter VI-A of the Act are to be allowed from his gross total income:

5.5.1 Deduction in respect of Life insurance premia, deferred annuity, contributions to provident fund, subscription to certain equity shares or debentures, etc. (section 80C)

A. Section 80C, entitles an employee to deductions for the whole of amounts paid or deposited in the current financial year in the following schemes, subject to a limit of Rs.1,50,000/-:
  1. Payment of insurance premium to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the life of the individual, the spouse or any child of the individual.
  2. Any payment made to effect or to keep in force a contract for a deferred annuity , not being an annuity plan as is referred to in item (7) herein below on the life of the individual, the spouse or any child of the individual, provided that such contract does not contain a provision for the exercise by the insured of an option to receive a cash payment in lieu of the payment of the annuity;
  3. Any sum deducted from the salary payable by, or, on behalf of the Government to any individual, being a sum deducted in a ccordance with the conditions of his service for the purpose of securing to him a deferred annuity or making provision for his spouse or children, in so far as the sum deducted does not exceed 1/5th of the salary;
  4. Any contribution made :
  • (a) by an individual to any Provident Fund to which the Provident Fund Act, 1925 applies;
  • (b) to any provident fund set up by the Central Government, and notified by it in this behalf in the Official Gazette, where such contribution is to an account standing in the name of an individual, or spouse or children; [The Central Government has since notified Public Provident Fund vide Notification S.O. No. 1559(E) dated 3.11.05]
  • (c) by an employee to a Recognized Provident Fund; 
  • (d) by an employee to an approved superannuation fund;
It may be noted that "contribution" to any Fund shall not include any sums in repayment of loan or advance;

(5) Any sum paid or deposited during the year as a subscription :-
  • (a) in the name of employee or a girl child of that employee including a girl child for whom the employee is the legal guardian in any such security of the Central Government or any such deposit scheme as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;
    [The Central Government has since notified the scheme Sukanya Samriddhi Account’ vide Notification GSR No. 863(E) dated 02.12.2014]
  • (b) to any such saving certificates as defined under section 2(c) of the Government Saving Certificate Act, 1959 as the Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf.
    [The Central Government has since notified National Saving Certificate (VIIIth Issue) vide Notification S.O. No. 1560(E) dated 3.11.05 and National Saving Certificate (IXth Issue) vide Notification . G.S.R. 848 (E), dated the 29th November, 2011, publishing the National Savings Certificates (IX-Issue) Rules, 2011 G.S.R. 868 (E), dated the 7th December, 2011, specifying the National Savings Certificates IX Issue as the class of Savings Certificates F No. 1-13/2011-NS-IIr/w amendment Notification No.GSR 319(E), dated 25-4-2012]
(6) Any sum paid as contribution in the case of an individual, for himself, spouse or any child,
  • a. for participation in the Unit Linked Insurance Plan, 1971 of the Unit Trust of India; 
  • b. for participation in any unit-linked insurance plan of the LIC Mutual Fund referred to section 10(23D) and as notified by the Central Government.
[The Central Government has since notified Unit Linked Insurance Plan (formerly known as Dhanraksha, 1989) of LIC Mutual Fund vide Notification S.O. No. 1561(E) dated 3.11.05.]
(7) Any subscription made to effect or keep in force a contract for such annuity plan of the Life Insurance Corporation or any other insurer as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify; 
[The Central Government has since notified New Jeevan Dhara, New Jeevan Dhara-I, New Jeevan Akshay, New Jeevan Akshay-I and New Jeevan Akshay-II vide Notification S.O. No. 1562(E) dated 3.11.05 and Jeevan Akshay-III vide Notification S.O. No. 847(E) dated 1.6.2006 ]
(8) Any subscription made to any units of any Mutual Fund, of section 10(23D), or from the Administrator or the specified company referred to in Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking & Repeal) Act, 2002 under any plan formulated in accordance with any scheme as the Central Government, may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf; [The Central Government has since notified the Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 2005 for this purpose vide Notification S.O. No. 1563(E) dated 3.11.2005]

The investments made after 1.4.2006 in plans formulated in accordance with Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 1992 or Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 1998 shall also qualify for deduction under section 80C.

(9) Any contribution made by an individual to any pension fund set up by any Mutual Fund referred to in section 10 (23D), or, by the Administrator or the specified company defined in Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking & Repeal) Act, 2002, as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;

[The Central Government has since notified the Equity Linked Saving Scheme, 2005 for this purpose vide Notification S.O. No. 1563(E) dated 3.11.2005]

(10) Any subscription made to any such deposit scheme of, or, any contribution made to any such pension fund set up by, the National Housing Bank, as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;

(11) Any subscription made to any such deposit scheme, as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify for the purpose of being floated by (a) public sector companies engaged in providing long-term finance for construction or purchase of houses in India for residential purposes, or, (b) any authority constituted in India by, or, under any law, enacted either for the purpose of dealing with and satisfying the need for housing accommodation or for the purpose of planning, development or improvement of cities, towns and villages, or for both.
[The Central Government has since notified the Public Deposit Scheme of HUDCO vide Notification S.O. No.37(E), dated 11.01.2007, for the purposes of Section 80C(2)(xvi)(a)].
(12) Any sums paid by an assessee for the purpose of purchase or construction of a residential house property, the income from which is chargeable to tax under the head "Income from house property" or which would, if it has not been used for assessee's own residence, have been chargeable to tax under that head) where such payments are made towards or by way of any instalment or part payment of the amount due under any self-financing or other scheme of any Development Authority, Housing Board etc. 

The deduction will also be allowable in respect of re-payment of loans borrowed by an assessee from the Government, or any bank or Life Insurance Corporation, or National Housing Bank, or certain other categories of institutions engaged in the business of providing long term finance for construction or purchase of houses in India. Any repayment of loan borrowed from the employer will also be covered, if the employer happens to be a public company, or a public sector company, or a university established by law, or a college affiliated to such university, or a local authority, or a cooperative society, or an authority, or a board, or a corporation, or any other body established under a Central or State Act.

The stamp duty, registration fee and other expenses incurred for the purpose of transfer shall also be covered. Payment towards the cost of house property, however, will not include, admission fee or cost of share or initial deposit or the cost of any addition or alteration to, or, renovation or repair of the house property which is carried out after the issue of the completion certificate by competent authority, or after the occupation of the house by the assessee or after it has been let out. Payments towards any expenditure in respect of which the deduction is allowable under the provisions of section 24 of the Act will also not be included in payments towards the cost of purchase or construction of a house property. 

Where the house property in respect of which deduction has been allowed under these provisions is transferred by the tax-payer at any time before the expiry of five years from the end of the financial year in which possession of such property is obtained by him or he receives back, by way of refund or otherwise, any sum specified in section 80C(2)(xviii), no deduction under these provisions shall be allowed in respect of such sums paid in such previous year in which the transfer is made and the aggregate amount of deductions of income so allowed in the earlier years shall be added to the total income of the assessee of such previous year and shall be liable to tax accordingly.

(13) Tuition fees, whether at the time of admission or thereafter, paid to any university, college, school or other educational institution situated in India, for the purpose of full-time education of any two children of the employee. 

Full-time education includes any educational course offered by any university, college, school or other educational institution to a student who is enrolled full-time for the said course. It is also clarified that full-time education includes play-school activities, pre-nursery 
and nursery classes.

It is clarified that the amount allowable as tuition fees shall include any payment of fee to any university, college, school or other educational institution in India except the amount representing payment in the nature of development fees or donation or capitation fees or payment of similar nature.

(14) Subscription to equity shares or debentures forming part of any eligible issue of capital made by 
a public company, which is approved by the Board or by any public finance institution.

(15) Subscription to any units of any mutual fund referred to in clause (23D) of Section 10 and approved by the Board, if the amount of subscription to such units is subscribed only in eligible issue of capital of any company.

(16) Investment as a term deposit for a fixed period of not less than five years with a scheduled bank, which is in accordance with a scheme framed and notified by the Central Government, in the Official Gazette for these purposes.

[The Central Government has since notified the Bank Term Deposit Scheme, 2006 for this purpose vide Notification S.O. No. 1220(E) dated 28.7.2006]

(17) Subscription to such bonds issued by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, as the Central Government may, by such notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf.

(18) Any investment in an account under the Senior Citizens Savings Scheme Rules, 2004.

(19) Any investment as five year time deposit in an account under the Post Office Time Deposit Rules, 1981. 

B. Section 80C(3) & 80C(3A) states that in case of Insurance Policy other than contract for a deferred annuity the amount of any premium or other payment made is restricted to: 

Policy issued before 1st April 201220% of the actual capital sum assured
Policy issued on or after 1st April 2012 10% of the actual capital sum assured
Policy issued on or after 1st April 2013 * - In cases of persons with disability or person with severe disability as per Sec 80 U or suffering from disease or ailment as specified in rules made under Sec 
80DDB
15% of the actual capital sum assured
*Introduced by Finance Act 2013

Actual capital sum assured in relation to a life insurance policy means the minimum amount assured under the policy on happening of the insured event at any time during the term of the policy, not taking into account –
  • i. the value of any premium agreed to be returned, or
  • ii. any benefit by way of bonus or otherwise over and above the sum actually assured which may be received under the policy by any person.
5.5.2 Deduction in respect of contribution to certain pension funds (Section 80CCC):

Section 80CCC allows an employee deduction of an amount paid or deposited out of his income chargeable to tax to effect or keep in force a contract for any annuity plan of Life Insurance Corporation of India or any other insurer for receiving pension from the Fund referred to in section 10(23AAB). However, the deduction shall exclude interest or bonus accrued or credited to the employee's account, if any and shall not exceed Rs. 1,50,000/-.

However, if any amount is standing to the credit of the employee in the fund referred to above and deduction has been allowed as stated above and the employee or his nominee receives this amount together with the interest or bonus accrued or credited to this account due to the reason of 
  • (i) Surrender of annuity plan whether in whole or part
  • (ii) Pension received from the annuity plan then the amount so received during the Financial Year
shall be the income of the employee or his nominee for that Financial Year and accordingly will be charged to tax. 

Where any amount paid or deposited by the employee has been taken into account for the purposes of this section, a deduction with reference to such amount shall not be allowed under section 80C.

5.5.3 Deduction in respect of contribution to pension scheme of Central Government (Section 80CCD):

Section 80CCD(1) allows an employee, being an individual employed by the Central Government
on or after 01.01.2004 or being an individual employed by any other employer, or any other assessee being an individual, a deduction of an amount paid or deposited out of his income chargeable to tax under a pension scheme as notified vide Notification F. N. 5/7/2003-ECB&PR dated 22.12.2003 National Pension System-NPS or as may be notifed by the Central Government. However, the deduction shall not exceed an amount equal to 10% of his salary(includes Dearness Allowance but excludes all other allowance and perquisites).

As per section 80CCD(1B), an assessee referred to in 80CCD(1) shall be allowed an deduction in computation of his income, of the whole of the amount paid or deposited in the previous year in his account under the pension scheme notified or as may be notified by the Central Government, which shall not exceed Rs. 50,000. The deduction of Rs. 50,000 shall be allowed whether or not any deduction is allowed under sub-section(1). However, the same amount cannot be claimed both under sub-section (1) and sub-section (1B) of section 80CCD.

As per Section 80CCD(2), where any contribution in the said pension scheme is made by the Central Government or any other employer then the employee shall be allowed a deduction from his total income of the whole amount contributed by the Central Government or any other employer subject to limit of 10% of his salary of the previous year.

Subject to provisions of section 10 (12A) and section 10 (12B) discussed in para 5.3.7, if any amount is standing to the credit of the employee in the pension scheme referred above and deduction has been allowed as stated above, and the employee or his nominee receives this amount together with the amount accrued thereon, due to the reason of 
  • (i) Closure or opting out of the pension scheme or 
  • (ii) Pension received from the annuity plan purchased and taken on such closure or opting out 
then the amount so received during the FYs shall be the income of the employee or his nominee for that Financial Year and accordingly will be charged to tax. 

Further, the amount received by the nominee, on the death of the assessee, on closure or opening of the pension not be deemed to be the income of the nominee. 

Where any amount paid or deposited by the employee has been taken into account for the purposes of this section, a deduction with reference to such amount shall not be allowed under section 80C.

Further, it has been specified that w.e.f 01.04.09 any amount received by the employee from the New Pension Scheme shall be deemed not to have been received in the previous year if such amount is used for purchasing an annuity plan in the same previous year. 

It is emphasized that as per the section 80CCE the aggregate amount of deduction under sections 80C, 80CCC and Section 80CCD(1) shall not exceed Rs.1,50,000/-. The deduction allowed under section 80 CCD(1B) is an additional deduction in respect of any amount paid in the NPS upto Rs. 50,000/-. However, the contribution made by the Central Government or any other employer to a pension scheme u/s 80CCD(2) shall be excluded from the limit of Rs.1,50,000/- provided under this section.

5.5.4 Deduction in respect of investment made under an equity savings scheme(Section 80CCG):

Section 80CCG provides deduction wef assessment year 2013-14 in respect of investment made under notified equity saving scheme. Rajiv Gandhi Equity Savings Scheme 2012 has been notified vide SO No 2777E, dated 23.11.2012(subsequent corrigendum SO NO. 2835E dated 05.12.2012) and
amended vide notification SO No. 3693E dated 18.12.2013 as a scheme under this section. The scheme was modified in December 2013 vide notification SO 3693 dated 18.12.13 (RGESS, 2013). The deduction under this section in accordance with RGESS 2013 is available if following conditions are satisfied:
  • The assessee is a resident individual 
  • His gross total income does not exceed Rs. 12 lakhs;
  • He has acquired listed shares in accordance with a notified scheme or listed units of an equity oriented fund as defined in section 10(38);
  • The assessee is a new retail investor;
  • The investment is locked-in for a period of 3 years from the date of acquisition in accordance with the above scheme;
  • The assessee satisfies any other condition as may be prescribed.
Amount of deduction – The amount of deduction is at 50% of the amount invested in equity shares/units. However, the amount of deduction under this provision cannot exceed Rs. 25,000. 

Withdrawal of deduction – If the assessee, after claiming the aforesaid deduction, fails to satisfy the above conditions, the deduction originally allowed shall be deemed to be the income of the assessee of the year in which default is committed.

This deduction is allowed for three consecutive assessment years beginning with the AY in which the listed equity shares or units were first acquired. If any deduction is claimed by a taxpayer under this section in any year, he shall not be entitled to any deduction under this section for any other year. 

The deduction under this section for F.Y. 2018-19 shall be allowed to an employee who has claimed deduction under this section for F.Y 2016-17 if he is otherwise eligible to claim deduction as per provisions of this sections

5.5.5 Deduction in respect of health insurance premia paid, etc. (Section 80D)
ParticularsCase-1Case-2Case-3
Self & Family (no one of them is a senior citizen)Parents (no one of them is a senior citizen)Self & Family (no one of them is a senior citizen)Parents (atleast one of them is a senior citizen)Self & Family (atleast one of them is a senior citizen)Parents (atleast one of them is a senior citizen)
Medical Insurance, etc.*25,00025,00025,00050,00050,00050,000
Medical Expenditure**---50,00050,00050,000
Maximum deduction allowable25,00025,00025,00050,00050,00050,000
Aggregate amount of deduction allowable under section 80D50,00075,00075,000

* Includes (i) contribution to the Central Government Health Scheme/notified scheme for self & family; and (ii) amount paid for preventive health check-up up to Rs. 5,000/-.

** Allowable only if no amount is paid for medical insurance.

Note 1
: The payment for preventive health check-up can only be made in cash, other pay ments must be made by non-cash mode.

Note 2
: Finance Act, 2018 amended section 80D of the Act to provide that in case of single premium health insurance policy having cover of more than one year, the deduction shall be allowed on proportionate basis for the number of years for which health insurance cover is provided, subject to the monetary limits specified above.

Here 
  • i) "family" means the spouse and dependent children of the employee.
  • ii) "Senior citizen" ‖ means an individual resident in India who is of the age of sixty years or more at any time during the relevant previous year.
The DDO must ensure that the medical insurance referred to above shall be in accordance with a scheme made in this behalf by-

(a) the General Insurance Corporation of India formed under section 9 of the General Insurance Business (Nationalization) Act, 1972 and approved by the Central Government in this behalf; or

(b) any other insurer and approved by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority established under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Aut
hority Act, 1999.

(II) Lump sum payment of health insurance premium

In case, a lump sum amount is paid to effect or to keep in force an insurance on health for more than a year, proportionate deduction (appropriate fraction) will be allowable for the year in which it was paid and for subsequent year/years in accordance with sub-section (4A) of Section 80D.

5.5.6 Deductions in respect of expenditure on persons or dependants with disability

5.5.6.1 Deductions in respect of maintenance including medical treatment of a dependent who is a person with disability(section 80DD):

Under section 80DD, where an employee, who is a resident in India, has, during the previous year- 
(a) incurred any expenditure for the medical treatment (including nursing), training and rehabilitation of a dependant, being a person with disability; or

(b) paid or deposited any amount under a scheme framed in this behalf by the Life Insurance Corporation or any other insurer or the Administrator or the specified company subject to the conditions specified in this regard and approved by the Board in this behalf for the maintenance of a dependant, being a person with disability, the employee shall be allowed a deduction of a sum of Rs 75,000/- from his gross total income of that year. 

However, where such dependant is a person with severe disability, an amount Rs 1,25,000/- shall be allowed as deduction subject to the specified conditions.

The deduction under (b) above shall be allowed only if the following conditions are fulfilled:-
  • (i) the scheme referred to in (b) above provides for payment of annuity or lump sum amount for the benefit of a dependant, being a person with disability, in the event of the death of the individual in whose name subscription to the scheme has been made;
  • (ii) the employee nominates either the dependant, being a person with disability, or any other person or a trust to receive the payment on his behalf, for the benefit of the dependant, being a person with disability.
However, if the dependant, being a person with disability, predeceases the employee, an amount equal to the amount paid or deposited under sub-para(b) above shall be deemed to be the income of the employee of the previous year in which such amount is received by the employee and shall accordingly be chargeable to tax as the income of that previous year.

5.5.6.2 Deductions in respect of a person with disability(section 80U):

Under section 80U, in computing the total income of an individual, being a resident, who, at any time during the previous year, is certified by the medical authority to be a person with disability, there shall be allowed a deduction of a sum of Rs 75,000/-. However, where such individual is a person with severe disability, a higher deduction of Rs 1,25,000/- shall be allowable.

DDOs should note that 80DD deduction is in case of the dependent of the employee whereas 80U deduction is in case of the employee himself. However, under both the sections, the employee shall furnish to the DDO the following:

1. A copy of the certificate issued by the medical authority as defined in Rule 11A(1) in the prescribed form as per Rule 11A(2) of the Rules. The DDO has to allow deduction only after seeing that the Certificate furnished is from the Medical Authority defined in this Rule and the same is in the form as mentioned therein. 

2. Further in cases where the condition of disability is temporary and requires reassessment of its extent after a period stipulated in the aforesaid certificate, no deduction under this section shall be allowed for any subsequent period unless a new certificate is obtained from the medical authority as in 1 above and furnished before the DDO.

3. For the purposes of sections 80DD and 80 U some of the terms defined are as under:-
(a) "Administrator" means the Administrator as referred to in clause (a) of section 2 of the Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002;

(b) "dependant" means-
(i) in the case of an individual, the spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters of the individual or any of them;
(ii) in the case of a Hindu undivided family, a member of the Hindu undivided family, dependant wholly or mainly on such individual or Hindu undivided family for his support and maintenance, and who has not claimed any deduction under section 80U in computing his total income for the assessment year relating to the previous year;
(c) "disability" shall have the meaning assigned to it in clause (i) of section 2 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 and includes "autism", "cerebral palsy" and "multiple disability" referred to in clauses (a), (c) and (h) of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999;

(d) "Life Insurance Corporation" shall have the same meaning as in clause (iii) of sub-section (8) of section 88;

(e) "medical authority" means the medical authority as referred to in clause (p) of section 2 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 or such other medical authority as may, by notification, be specified by the Central Government for certifying "autism", "cerebral palsy", "multiple disabilities", "person with disability" and "severe disability" referred to in clauses (a), (c), (h), (j) and (o) of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999;

(f) "person with disability" means a person as referred to in clause (t) of section 2 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 or clause (j)of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999;

(g) "person with severe disability" means (i) a person with eighty per cent or more of one or more disabilities, as referred to in sub-section (4) of section 56 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995; or(ii) a person with severe disability referred to in clause (o) of section 2 of the National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999;

(h) "specified company" means a company as referred to in clause (h) of section 2 of the Unit Trust of India (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2002.

5.5.7 Deduction in respect of medical treatment, etc. (Section 80DDB):

Section 80DDB allows a deduction in case of employee, who is resident in India, during the previous year, of any amount actually paid for the medical treatment of such disease or ailment as may be specified in the rules 11DD (1) for himself or a dependent. The deduction allowed is equal to the amount actually paid is in respect of the employee or his dependant or Rs. 40,000 whichever is less. 

Now the deduction can be allowed on the basis of a prescription from an oncologist, a urologist, nephrologist, a haematologist, an immunologist or such other specialist, as mentioned in Rule 11DD. However, the amount of the claim shall be reduced by the amount if any received from the insurer or reimbursed by the employer. Further in case of the person against whom such claim is made is a senior citizen (60 age years or more) then the deduction upto one lakh rupees is allowed.

For the purpose of this section, in the case of an employee, "dependant" means individual, the spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters of the employee or any of them, dependant wholly or mainly on the employee for his support and maintenance.

Vide Notification SO No. 2791(E) dated 12.10.2015, Rules 11DD has been amended to do away with the requirement of furnishing a certificate in Form 10-I. A prescription from a specialist as specified in the Rules containing the name and age the patient, name of the disease/ailment along with the name, address, registration number & qualification of the specialist issuing the prescription would now be required.

5.5.8 Deduction in respect of interest on loan taken for higher education(Section 80E):

Section 80E allows deduction in respect of payment of interest on loan taken from any financial institution or any approved charitable institution for higher education for the purpose of pursuing his higher education or for the purpose of higher education of his spouse or his children or the student for whom he is the legal guardian. 

The deduction shall be allowed in computing the total income for the Financial year in which the employee starts paying the interest on the loan taken and immediately succeeding seven Financial years or until the Financial year in which the interest is paid in full by the employee, whichever is earlier. 

For the purpose of this section-(a) "approved charitable institution" means an institution established for charitable purposes and approved by the prescribed authority section 10(23C), or an institution referred to in section 80G(2)(a);

(b) "financial institution" means a banking company to which the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 applies (including any bank or banking institution referred to in section 51 of that Act); or any other financial institution which the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify in this behalf;

(c) "higher education‖ means any course of study pursued after passing the Senior Secondary Examination or its equivalent from any school, board or university recognized by the Central Government or State Government or local authority or by any other authority authorized by the Central Government or State Government or local authority to do so;

5.5.9 Deductions on respect of donations to certain funds, charitable institutions, etc. (Section 80G):

Section 80G provides for deductions on account of donation made to various funds, charitable organizations etc. In cases where employees make donations to the Prime Minister‘s National Relief Fund, the Chief Minister‘s Relief Fund or the Lieutenant Governor‘s Relief Fund through their respective employers, it is not possible for such funds to issue separate certificate to every such employee in respect of donations made to such funds as contributions made to these funds are in the form of a consolidated cheque. An employee who makes donations towards these funds is eligible to claim deduction under section 80G. It is, hereby, clarified that the claim in respect of such donations as indicated above will be admissible under section 80G on the basis of the certificate issued by the 
Drawing and Disbursing Officer (DDO)/Employer in this behalf-Circular No. 2/2005, dated 12-1-2005.

No deduction under this section is allowable in case the amount of donation exceeds Rs 2000/- unless the amount is paid by any mode other than cash.

5.5.10 Deductions is respect of rents paid (Section 80GG):

Section 80GG allows the employee to a deduction in respect of house rent paid by him for his own residence. Such deduction is permissible subject to the following conditions:-

(a) the employee has not been in receipt of any House Rent Allowance specifically granted to him which qualifies for exemption under section 10(13A) of the Act;

(b) the employee files the declaration in Form No.10BA. (AnnexureX)

(c) The employee does not own:
  • (i) any residential accommodation himself or by his spouse or minor child or where such employee is a member of a Hindu Undivided Family, by such family, at the place where he ordinarily resides or performs duties of his office or carries on his business or profession; or
  • (ii) at any other place, any residential accommodation which is in the occupation of the employee, the value of which is to be determined under section 23(2)(a) or section 23(4)(a), as the case may be.
  • (d) He will be entitled to a deduction in respect of house rent paid by him in excess of 10% of his total income. The deduction shall be equal to 25% of total income or Rs. 5,000/- per month, whichever is less. The total income for working out these percentages will be computed before making any deduction under section 80GG. 
The Drawing and Disbursing Authorities should satisfy themselves that all the conditions mentioned above are satisfied before such deduction is allowed by them to the employee. They should also satisfy themselves in this regard by insisting on production of evidence of actual payment of rent.

5.5.11 Deductions in respect of certain donations for scientific research or rural development (Section 80 GGA):

Section 80GGA allows deduction from total income of employee in respect of donations of any sum as given in the Table below:

Sl. No.Deduction made to personsApproval/Notification Under SectionAuthority granting approval/Notification
1A research association which has as its object the undertaking of scientific research or to a University, college or other institution to be used for scientific researchu/s 35(1)(ii)Central Government
2A research association which has as its object the undertaking of research in social science or statistical research or to a University, college or other institution to be used for research in social science or statistical researchu/s 35(1)(iii)Central Government
3an association or institution, which has as its object the undertaking of any programme of rural development, to be used for carrying out any programme of rural development approved for the purposes of section 35CCAfurnishes the certificate u/s 35CCA (2)Prescribed Authority under Rule 6AAA
4
an association or institution which has as its object the training of persons for implementing 
programmes of rural development
furnishes the certificate u/s 35CCA (2
Prescribed Authority 
under Rule 6AAA
5a public sector company or a local authority or to an association or institution approved by the National Committee, for carrying out any eligible project or schemefurnishes the certificate u/s 35AC(2)(a)National Committee for Promotion of Social & Economic Welfare
6a rural development fund notifiedu/s 35CCA (1)(c)set up and notified by the Central Government
7National Urban Poverty Eradication Fundnotified u/s 35CCA (1)(d)
set up and notified by the Central 
Government

No deduction under this section is allowable in case:
  • i) The employee has gross total income which includes income which is chargeable under the head "Profits and gains of business or profession".
  • ii)The amount of donation exceeds Rs 10000 and is paid in cash. 
The Drawing and Disbursing Authorities should satisfy themselves that all the conditions mentioned above are satisfied before such deduction is allowed by them to the employee. They should also satisfy themselves in this regard by insisting on production of evidence of actual payment of donation and a receipt from the person to whom donation has been made and ensure that the approval/notification has been issued by the right authority. DDO must ensure a self-declaration from the employee that he has no income from "Profits and gains of business or profession".

5.5.12 Deduction in respect of interest on deposits in savings account (Section 80TTA):

Section 80TTA introduced from the Financial Year 2012 -13 allows to an employee, not being a senior citizen employee, from his gross total income if it includes any income by way of interest on deposits (not being time deposits) in a savings account, a deduction amounting to:
  • (i) in a case where the amount of such income does not exceed in the aggregate ten thousand rupees, the whole of such amount; and
  • (ii) in any other case, ten thousand rupees.
The deduction is available if such savings account is maintained in a
  • (a) banking company to which the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, applies (including any bank or banking institution referred to in section 51 of that Act);
  • (b) co-operative society engaged in carrying on the business of banking (including a co-operative land mortgage bank or a co-operative land development bank); or
  • (c) Post Office as defined in clause (k) of section 2 of the Indian Post Office Act, 1898.
For this section, "time deposits" means the deposits repayable on expiry of fixed periods.

Section 80TTB introduced from Financial Year 2018-19 allows a deduction up to Rs. 50,000 in respect of interest income from deposits held by senior citizens from his gross total income if it includes any income by way of interest on deposits (not being time deposits) in a savings account, a deduction amounting to:
  • (i) in a case where the amount of such income does not exceed in the aggregate fifty thousand rupees, the whole of such amount; and 
  • (ii) in any other case, fifty thousand rupees.
The deduction is available if such savings account is maintained in a
  • (a) banking company to which the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, applies (including any bank or banking institution referred to in section 51 of that Act); 
  • (b) co-operative society engaged in carrying on the business of banking (including a co-operative land mortgage bank or a co-operative land development bank); or 
  • (c) a Post Office as defined in clause (k) of section 2 of the Indian Post Office Act, 1898.
For this section, "senior citizen" means an individual resident in India who is of the age of sixty years or more at any time during the relevant previous year.

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Govt Employee News Updates, Rules, O.M, Notification: Computation of Income Under the Head "Salaries" | IT Circular 1/2019
Computation of Income Under the Head "Salaries" | IT Circular 1/2019
Following income shall be chargeable to income-tax under the head "Salaries", deductions under Chapter VI-A, pension funds (Section 80CCC):
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Govt Employee News Updates, Rules, O.M, Notification
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